A sore throat can make swallowing uncomfortable and may come with a cough or fever. Many sore throats are caused by viruses, but persistent or severe symptoms deserve attention.
What symptoms should I notice?
Tell a clinician when the pain started, whether you have a fever or cough, and whether swallowing is difficult. Repeated episodes, a lump in the mouth or neck, or a mouth ulcer lasting more than three weeks are reasons to seek advice.
When is it an emergency?
Seek emergency care if you have trouble breathing, cannot swallow, are drooling because you cannot swallow, make a high-pitched sound when breathing, or have severe symptoms that are worsening quickly. Do not wait for an ordinary ENT appointment.
When should I ask for medical advice?
Seek urgent advice if you have signs of dehydration, a very high temperature or a weakened immune system. Arrange an assessment for a sore throat that does not improve or keeps returning. Tell the clinician about other conditions and medicines you take.
Will I need antibiotics?
Antibiotics are not normally needed for a sore throat and do not treat a virus. A clinician can assess whether they are appropriate. Ask a doctor or pharmacist about suitable ways to manage pain and fluids, especially if you have another medical condition.
Making the consultation useful
Note how long the sore throat has lasted and whether it is improving, recurring or associated with a cough, fever or difficulty swallowing. Mention medicines, allergies and any health condition that affects immunity. Ask what symptoms should prompt another assessment and whom to contact if the advice does not help.
Frequently asked questions
Are all sore throats bacterial?
No. Viruses cause many sore throats.
Should I take antibiotics without advice?
No. Ask a qualified clinician whether antibiotics are appropriate.
What if I cannot swallow?
Seek emergency care, particularly if you are drooling or have breathing difficulty.
Can recurring sore throats be assessed?
Yes. Tell your clinician how often they occur and what symptoms accompany them.
Related reading
Further reading
Read about Tonsillitis & Throat Disorders or contact the team about appointments.
This article provides general information and does not replace an individual clinical assessment.