Earwax protects the ear and normally comes out on its own. A blocked feeling can occur when wax accumulates, but it can also have another cause. A sudden change in hearing should never be assumed to be wax.
Earwax protects your ears and usually works its way out on its own. A build-up can leave an ear feeling blocked, but there are other possible causes. Never assume a sudden change in hearing is caused by wax.
What symptoms might occur?
A build-up may cause a blocked sensation, earache, reduced hearing or ringing. These symptoms do not confirm wax: infection and other ear problems can feel similar. Record when symptoms began, whether one or both ears are affected and whether there is pain, discharge or dizziness.
When do I need urgent help?
Seek urgent medical assessment for sudden hearing loss in one or both ears, hearing that worsens quickly, or hearing loss with ear pain or discharge. If tinnitus follows a head injury or occurs with sudden hearing loss, facial weakness or spinning vertigo, seek emergency care. Do not wait to see whether ear drops help.
What should I avoid putting in my ear?
Do not use cotton buds, fingers or other objects in the ear canal; they may push wax deeper or cause injury. Do not use drops if you have a perforated eardrum. If you have ear surgery, pain, discharge or are unsure whether drops are appropriate, ask a clinician before using them.
What can an appointment involve?
A clinician can look in the ear and discuss whether wax is actually blocking it. If removal is suitable, methods depend on the examination and your medical history. Ask about the method, possible risks and what to do if symptoms persist afterwards.
Frequently asked questions
Does a blocked ear always mean wax?
No. A clinician can check for wax, infection and other causes.
Can cotton buds remove wax safely?
They can push wax further in or injure the canal. Avoid inserting them into the ear.
Should I use drops if my eardrum is perforated?
No. Seek professional advice rather than using drops with a perforated eardrum.
What if hearing disappears suddenly?
Seek urgent medical assessment immediately. Sudden hearing loss may need time-sensitive care.
Related reading
Further reading
Read about Ear Wax Removal & Cleaning, or contact the team about an appointment.
This article is general information and does not replace an individual clinical assessment.